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''Collybia cirrhata'' is a species of fungus in the Tricholomataceae family of the Agaricales order (gilled mushrooms). The species was first described in the scientific literature in 1786, but not validly named until 1803. Found in Europe, Northern Eurasia, and North America, it is known from temperate, boreal, and alpine or arctic habitats. It is a saprobic species that grows in clusters on the decaying or blackened remains of other mushrooms. The fruit bodies are small, with whitish convex to flattened caps up to in diameter, narrow white gills, and slender whitish stems long and up to thick. ''C. cirrhata'' can be distinguished from the other two members of ''Collybia'' by the absence of a sclerotium at the base of the stem. The mushroom, although not poisonous, is considered inedible because of its insubstantial size. ==Taxonomy and phylogeny== |2=''Clitocybe dealbata'' }} |2= }} }} | caption=Phylogeny and relationships of ''C. cirrhata'' and closely related fungi based on ribosomal DNA sequences.〔 }} The species first appeared in the scientific literature in 1786 as ''Agaricus amanitae'' by August Johann Georg Karl Batsch;〔 ''Agaricus amanitae'' subsp. ''cirrhatus'', proposed by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1800,〔 is considered synonymous.〔 A later combination based on this name, ''Collybia amanitae'', was published by Hanns Kreisel in 1987.〔 However, Kreisel noted the combination to be "''ined.''",〔 indicating that he did not believe the name to be validly published, according to article 34.1 of the rules for botanical nomenclature, which states: "A name is not validly published ... when it is not accepted by the author in the original publication."〔 The first correct name was published in 1803 by Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher, who called the species ''Agaricus cirrhatus''.〔 French mycologist Lucien Quélet transferred it to ''Collybia'' in 1879,〔 resulting in the binomial by which it is currently known. The species had also been transferred to ''Microcollybia'' by Georges Métrod in 1952〔 and again by Lennox in 1979 (because Métrod's transfer was considered a ''nomen nudum'', and thus invalid according to nomenclatural rules);〔 the genus ''Microcollybia'' has since been wrapped into ''Collybia''.〔 Molecular phylogenetics have shown that ''C. cirrhata'' forms a monophyletic clade with the remaining two species of ''Collybia''. Because ''C. cirrhata'' is the only one of the three ''Collybia'' species lacking sclerotia, it has been suggested that this character trait is an ''anapomorphy''—that is, unique to a single, terminal species within a clade.〔 The specific epithet is derived from the Latin ''cirrata'', meaning "curled".〔 Charles Horton Peck called it the "fringed-rooted Collybia".〔 In the United Kingdom, it is commonly known as the "piggyback shanklet".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Collybia cirrhata」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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